The Deadly Blooms

Algal blooms are naturally occurring phenomenon,roughly huge percentage of algae discovered every
wherein the sudden increase in the population of algaeyear.
takes place. Algae bloom does not choose certainOne or few species of phytoplankton is responsible
type of water; it occurs in both freshwater and marinefor blooms that can only be recognized through the
environments. Algae on ponds and lakes are the mostdiscoloration of water. The discoloration of water can
popular environment for these organisms.be yellow, brown, red, or green, most commonly
Little is known about algae blooms because therereferred to as "red tide." Red tide is triggered by
have been no specific studies that delve on its realnumerous accumulation of algal bloom in coastal
nature.waters. When algal bloom spread throughout the
Scientists believed that algae have existed severalwater, it depletes the oxygen contents and emits
billion years ago. They are one of the earliest forms oftoxins that are harmful to humans and animals. Bright
life that formed blooms along coasts and lakes.green blooms may also occur from the toxicity of
Weren't for the algae, there would be no forms of lifeblue-green algae. Most algal blooms are the outcome
today. When the earth was formed, these tinyof too much concentration of phosphorous and
organisms were created and they produced largenitrogen in the water. Dead algae can worsen the
volume of oxygen that was taken up in theproblem, because the bacteria that feed on rotten
atmosphere. To make things simpler, algae werealgae use the remaining dissolved oxygen needed by
responsible for releasing sheaths of oxygen, theplants and fish to survive. When algae consume all the
element essential to life.dissolved oxygen, many fish and other aquatic animals
Although algae are deemed as the origin of life onwill die due to suffocation. High densities of algal
earth, these organisms are much considered asblooms pose serious biological effects on marine
damaging threats to marine life. Algae producewildlife.
soup-like blooms in freshwaters; otherwise, in marineThe occurrence of algal blooms has been a major
environment, algal bloom can blanket an entire seafloorconcern around the world. The bloom of toxic species
swiftly within an hour or two. Massive algal bloom hascan inflict diseases to humans such as gastroenteritis,
been spotted in Baltic Sea coast, turning pristine waterlung irritation, and skin disorders. Severe intoxication
into fetid yellow-brown sludge that locals refer to asmay lead to death or paralysis to humans and animals.
"rhubarb soup."Aside from health risks to humans and animals, harmful
Harmful algae bloom or toxic algal bloom (HABs) arisealgal bloom can cause major economic problems to
when algal species discharge neurotoxins, poisonplaces plagued with algae. There are several states in
produced from stressed and dying algae, followed byU.S. such as New England, Texas, and Florida, including
climate change. The exact number of the species ofAustralia, that had suffered much from economic loss
algae around the world remains undetermined;when HABS dominated the coasts and commercial
otherwise, there are around 3,000 species of algaefisheries.
abundant in the fresh waters of Australia, but there is